Advantages, disadvantages and application scenarios of centrifugal air compressor

Release time：2025-12-16    Click：9

Advantages, disadvantages and application scenarios of centrifugal air compressor? With its advantages of high efficiency, oil-free and large flow, centrifugal air compressor occupies an important position in the industrial field. When purchasing centrifugal air compressor, users should make a reasonable choice according to the actual needs and application scenarios, and comprehensively consider the equipment performance, operating cost and maintenance requirements.

What is a centrifugal air compressor? Overview of centrifugal air compressor

Centrifugal air compressor is an industrial equipment that compresses gas through high-speed rotating impeller, which is mainly used for gas compression and transportation. Its core structure is composed of rotor and stator, and the stator includes casing, diffuser, reflux device and other components. When working, the gas rotates with the impeller at high speed and is thrown to the diffuser under the action of centrifugal force, and a negative pressure area is formed at the impeller to suck in new gas, thus realizing continuous flow.

Centrifugal air compressor is a kind of turbine compressor, which has the characteristics of large gas handling capacity, simple structure, stable operation, convenient maintenance and gas free from oil pollution.

Working principle of centrifugal air compressor

The working principle of centrifugal air compressor is based on the conversion process of kinetic energy and pressure energy;

Impeller work stage: the impeller rotates at high speed to do work on the incoming air, so that the air can gain kinetic energy (increase the flow rate);

Diffuser and booster stage: after air enters the diffuser, the flow velocity decreases and kinetic energy is converted into pressure energy (pressure increases);

Multi-stage compression: high-pressure output is realized through the combination of multi-stage impeller and diffuser (each stage includes the steps of impeller doing work and diffuser boosting);

Cooling treatment: the high-temperature air is cooled by a cooler between stages to improve efficiency, and then the compressed air is output after cooling and drying at the back;

The advantages, disadvantages and application scenarios of centrifugal air compressor are introduced by Turbo-Tech as follows:

1. The main advantages of centrifugal air compressor

High efficiency and energy saving: high compression efficiency, lower power consumption under the same gas demand compared with screw compressor. The compression process is continuous and stable, without periodic changes, and the energy-saving performance is better;

Oil free compressor: Compressed air contains no oil, which is especially suitable for industries that require high air quality (such as food, medicine, electronics, etc.).

Compact structure: compared with reciprocating compressor, it is smaller and occupies less area;

Smooth operation: small vibration, low noise and high reliability;

Simple maintenance: no need for internal lubrication system, less maintenance and convenient adjustment;

Advantages of large flow rate: especially suitable for compressed air demand with large flow rate (> 20m3/min);

2. Main disadvantages of centrifugal air compressor

Higher cost: the initial investment and installation cost is higher than that of screw air compressor;

Surge problem: there is surge phenomenon, which requires anti-surge control system;

3. Application scenario of centrifugal air compressor

Petrochemical industry: providing high-pressure hydrogen for hydrocracking, catalytic reforming and other devices; Compressed cracking gas, propylene, ethylene, ammonia, synthesis gas and other key media;

Energy and electricity: used as air supercharger in gas turbine to improve combustion efficiency; Compressing CO2； in carbon capture and storage (CCS) project;

Refrigeration and air separation: as the core component of large refrigeration unit and air separation unit, it provides stable high-pressure air source;

Food and beverage: provide clean compressed air for fermentation, stirring, bottle blowing, filling and labeling;

Pharmaceutical industry: providing medical-grade compressed air for material conveying, reactor stirring and packaging equipment;

Electronic manufacturing: providing high-purity compressed air for semiconductor production (with multi-stage filtration system);

Metallurgical industry: provide a large amount of combustion-supporting air for blast furnaces, boiling furnaces and other equipment;

The above content is a brief introduction to "advantages and disadvantages and application scenarios of centrifugal air compressor". In view of the suggestions on the purchase and use of centrifugal air compressor, it is suggested to choose a model equipped with advanced anti-surge control system, and maintain it regularly, equipped with online monitoring system to monitor key parameters such as vibration and temperature in real time. If you have any questions about centrifugal air compressor, please consult Turbo-Tech.